How does haddon create sympathy for ed boone? Essay

How does Haddon create sympathy for Ed Boone? In the novel, The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night Time, I shall be exploring how Haddon creates sympathy for protagonist, Ed Boone. I have many aspects to protect my point of view. Firstly, our first impressions for the character of Ed Boone were that he was a caring and loving father that knew how to handle his even through his difficulties. We know he understands his son and can always sympathize with Christopher, because instead of shouting at or hugging Christopher when he got arrested, he â€Å"spread his fingers in a fan† as a â€Å"sign of love† for Christopher. We sympathize with Ed because he was currently facing the hardships of being a single parent upbringing an autistic teenager. Haddon makes us sympathize with Ed Boone from the beginning of the novel and carries on throughout exceptionally. In addition, Haddon heightens out sympathy for Ed Boone when successfully writing a pathetic fallacy for Ed. This happened when Ed had a loving son, wife, home and job, but then we began to sympathize with him because his wife left him for his next door neighbour and he was left alone. So, he started a new relationship with Mrs Shears and soon split up and Ed was left vulnerable on his own, yet again. The impact on Haddon using this technique will help the reader sympathize with Ed from the start of the novel and successfully turns him into a victim in the novel. Furthermore, we as readers can now sympathize with Ed far easier and when Ed â€Å"hides things to protect† Christopher, we can infer and deduce he knew Christopher won’t be able to take it all in and it would affect him dearly. So, Ed did what he thought was best and protected Christopher from â€Å"knowing the details† about his mother and Wellington. We can understand that it’s difficult and Ch ristopher will not be able to handle it, therefore Ed hid certain information from Christopher out of love and the understanding he has for his son. Moreover, our sympathy was given yet again to Ed when he came back from work and found his son missing. However, Ed being the responsible parent that he is phoned the police and â€Å"worried himself sick.† We can infer and deduce that Ed obviously loves Christopher and the thought of him away from his father worries him. We feel sorry for Ed because we don’t whether he will see his son again and neither does Ed. We can put ourselves in his shoes and know he must be feeling alone, guilty and full of regret and remorse, because of this, we feel sorry for the character of Ed Boone thanks to Haddon’s  incredible techniques and powerful plot that guarantees sympathy given to the written character, Ed Boone. Finally, the last point I have in which Haddon makes the reader give an endless amount of sympathy and love to Ed, is where Haddon written out the situation of a single working parent of an autistic teenager who has many special needs. In which, in able to look after teenager, Christopher, you have to understand his needs and wants. To do this you will need a lot of patience and it can be very difficult at times because Christopher can last several days without eating or communicating. Also, he won’t eat any two foods touching, in result of them being thrown away and he doesn’t eat or touch anything that is the colour brown or yellow. Christopher has many other needs and Ed has to understand Christopher’s mind frame and know what to do in able to cope with his son. To be able to live with Christopher and have such a close relationship between the two of them, takes a great amount of patience and love, and is even harder to do when on your own. Haddon enable the reader to understand that life is challenging for Ed and makes us come to a realization that we will not be able to do what Ed is doing, so we naturally give our sympathy to Ed because of what he has to cope with in his day to day life. To conclude this essay, I strongly believe that Haddon creates many circumstances where the reader can sympathize with protagonist, Ed Boone. Because of Haddon’s phenomenal writing skills, we give nothing but sympathy and understanding to Ed as he faces many challenges, and because we can’t help him, we comfort Ed and sympathize with him. Sympathy given to Ed from the reader was one of Haddon’s expectations from this novel, and I can truly say he exceeded in this and brought true emotions for protagonist, Ed Boone.

My Most Unforgettable Character

He is a tall, thin man with a hunched back. His dark, suntanned face with its countless wrinkles and creases, reminds you of a prune. He has sunken cheeks and you will know why when he gives you a broad smile-only one golden tooth is left on his upper gum. He looks around ninety years old. But when you ask him how old he is, he will shake his head and say he was born on the day the Japanese invaded Malaya. It is left to your historical knowledge to count the number of years he has been around. I first met him when I was collecting seashells along the seashore. My parents had always wanted a house by the sea and their dream came true when they inherited some money from a rich uncle. I was walking along the seashore when I saw this old man. He was stooping and picking up something and throwing it into sea. When I drew near, I saw that he was throwing the bright starfish that were washed up along the shore by the high tide. I told him that he was being silly as he could not possibly save all the starfish, as there were countless ones gasping for breath along the seashore. He told me that although he could not change the destiny of all the starfish, he could surely save some, and that made a difference. He said that we were born on this earth to make a difference. It was up to us to choose whether we wanted to or not to contribute towards a better world. From that day on, I became his shadow. I would meet him in the morning and help him throw as many starfish as I could into the sea. It was only when I was much older that I understood the joy of throwing those sea creatures back into the sea. It has been five years since I met Embon Mat. We have become inseparable. I have learnt t appreciate the man with a heart of gold, who leads a simple and humble life. When I approach him in an angry mood he will be quiet until I pour out all my troubles to him. Then, he will advise me. My acquaintance with him has changed my perspective towards life. He has taught me that honesty, diligence and determination are important for success. He tells me not to let success go to my head. â€Å"A courteous, generous, kind and caring nature will attract true friends to us,† he tells me. â€Å"Always speak the truth,† he advises if I ever complained that I was treated unfairly by someone. He is my mentor, my patient listener and my counselor. He gives his advice freely and does not hesitate to scold me when I am in the wrong. Now that I am working in a busy cosmopolitan city, I look forward to the opportunity to drive down to my seaside haven to be with my mentor. I will recognize him from afar-the hunched figure stooping low to pick another starfish and throw it back into the sea. He will not turn to look at me for he knows that I will soon join him in changing the destiny of some starfish. I am truly blessed to have known him.

An Ethical Issue Essay

Euthanasia is a hotly debated ethical issue these days, and there are certain arguments for and against its practice. Arguments against euthanasia are usually based on the sanctity of life, and such arguments are often compatible with religion, but arguments for euthanasia concern individual liberty, and a desire to prevent more suffering than is absolutely necessary. In this paper, I intend to address arguments for and against euthanasia, and explain why it is an ethical issue, and conclude that euthanasia, in some cases, should be permissible. Euthanasia is defined as the painless termination of someone’s life, but the ethical dilemma surrounding the topic has to do with whether or not it is alright to euthanize someone who is in a vegetative state, and can no longer think for him or herself, and whether or not assisted suicide is morally acceptable. The first of these scenarios would entail someone, such as a family member or physician, ending the life of someone who is in great pain following an accident, but cannot express their own wishes (whether or not they wish to remain on a feeding tube, or on life support) because of physical body damage, and this is known as passive euthanasia. The other issue, the one of physician assisted suicide, entails someone like a physician assisting someone who is in great pain, but not in need of life support, in committing suicide, maybe by administering a lethal dose of medication, to alleviate the patient’s pain, and this is known as active euthanasia. Both active and passive euthanasia are highly debated ethical issues, as they concern the value of life, and whether or not people are justified in prolonging a life of anguish, or terminating a life of misery. Recently, there have been many controversial cases of euthanasia, or its possibility in cases where it seems necessary to some, such as the cases of Doctor Kevorkian, and Terry Schiavo. The main ethical issues in the cases where Dr. Kevorkian euthanized (performed physician-assisted suicide on) some of his patients regards whether or not a patient should have the potential to decide his or her own fate, and then whether or not a physician should be held accountable for supporting, and aiding in a patient’s decision to end his or her life. This fundamentally boils down to the question of whether or not someone can choose to end their life when that person is in constant pain, but the issue would be complicated by the efforts needed in determining who is in enough pain to be permitted to actively end his or her life, which brings up the question of why everyone cannot choose to terminate their lives. And patients in hospitals do have the right to passively kill themselves, by starving, or refusing treatment, so in some cases, when a patient is prepared to take such measures to end his or her life, it would seem morally permissible for a physician to painlessly facilitate that patient’s suicide. In the case of someone’s euthanasia by the pulling of a feeding tube or the termination of life support, the ethical dilemma surrounds the family, or physician’s authority, when it comes to forcing the person who has brain damage to forfeit medical attention. A patient who is not in a vegetative state can refuse treatment, as that is not actively killing him or herself, but the question in the case of passive euthanasia is whether or not anyone other than the patient who might or might not refuse treatment due to severe pain if he or she were not in a vegetative state would have the authority to pull the plug on that person’s behalf, if the patient had not made his or her desired wishes clear. Religion plays a huge roll in helping people to believe that euthanasia should not be morally permissible, as most religions include some aspect about the sanctity of life, and based on that, they discourage suicide or killing in any form. Christianity in particular regards suicide as a sin, and that makes it difficult for people who wish to die because they are in too much pain, but their religion preaches against suicide. It is even against the law to commit suicide, but lately there have been questions coming out about whether people who are intensely pained by there illness should be exempt from this law, and whether or not doctors would be allowed to aid these suffering patients by providing them with lethal pills, or putting them to sleep by giving them extra doses of their medication. This is active euthanasia, where a patient, or doctor, or the combination of the two, take action to terminate life, rather than let it painfully continue for a long time, as the patient takes medicine and food, or making it drag on for a short, immensely painful period in the case where a patient refuses medication and food. For the most part, any argument against euthanasia must somehow be based on a view that life is sacred, and should never be sacrificed, at any cost, even when there is great pain to be dealt with if the life is prolonged. â€Å"Religious people don’t argue that we can’t kill ourselves, or get others to do it,† a BBC article about religion and ethics reports. â€Å"They know that we can do it because God has given us free will. Their argument is that it would be wrong for us to do so. They believe that every human being is the creation of God, and that this imposes certain limits on us. Our lives are not only our lives for us to do with as we see fit. To kill oneself, or to get someone else to do it for us, is to deny God, and to deny God’s rights over our lives and his right to choose the length of our lives and the way our lives end. † This summarizes a religious viewpoint that holds that euthanasia is not morally permissible. But for people who are not religious, a more basic argument in favor of euthanasia seems to arise, and that is simply whether or not people should be allowed to forfeit their lives if they are completely unsatisfied with them, or are severely pained by them. So, that might concern a simple case where someone is slowly dying of a terrible disease, and his medication deters the pain to some degree, but he is still miserable. Should that person be allowed to actively (or request that a physician actively) end his life, because he would rather forfeit his life than live on in pain and suffering? That seems to be a highly controversial issue, and from this perspective, it seems that euthanasia should be supported, at least to some degree. This could easily be a pro-euthanasia argument, as the person in pain has the right to forego medication, and refuse food and other life-sustaining attributes, which would lead to the patient’s death after a period of maximal pain, but the patent, without euthanasia, would not have the right to forfeit his life without enduring the pain from the scenario where he refuses treatment if active euthanasia is not permissible. â€Å"Some experts are gunning for a compromise. Zhu Tiezhi, a media commentator,† A China Daily article reports, â€Å"suggests the right-to-die prerequisites: the applicant must have a terminal illness that causes agonizing pain, and the diagnosis must be verified by at least two doctors; the applicant must be in a clear state of mind when he applies for it, and the application process should be repeated at least twice to make sure it is not a spur-of-the-moment thought. † This article was written after a patient who had throat cancer jumped out of a window to end his life after he was told that physicians were unable to assist him in doing so. So it seems that in certain cases, euthanasia is a more humane way for one to end his or her life than to manufacture a way him or herself. â€Å"Our job is to save lives, and we don’t have the right to mercy killing,† said an official at the Changsha hospital,† an official at the hospital in the Hunan Province of China, where the man committed suicide, stated. But in certain cases, lives may only be prolonged, painfully, for a short time, so euthanasia would then represent a painless way of alleviating a suffering patient’s agony. â€Å"Chantal Sebire knows she’s forcing people to make an agonizing decision, but agony is something she knows far too much about,† Bruce Crumley includes in his article, entitled Making a Case for Euthanasia. â€Å"The 52- year-old Dijon schoolteacher suffers from a rare disease that has left her disfigured by facial tumors, which will also damage her brain over time and eventually kill her. Her demand that French political leaders loosen laws against euthanasia has been rebuffed, so Sebire now awaits a judge’s decision on whether existing legislation allows doctors to assist her in ending her pain-racked life. ‘I no longer accept this enduring pain, and this protruding eye that nothing can be done about,’† Crumley writes. And unfortunately, the legal system of most countries do not recognize euthanasia as a permissible alternative to prolonged suffering, which causes many to live on in pain, wishing that they could terminate their lives instead of continuing on in agony. This seems like a reasonable right that everyone should be entitled to exercise if the time is right. People should not be forced to, because of the legal issues surrounding the issue, and anyone (such as a physician) involved, be forced to live on in agony when they could end it all by euthanasia. It seems that laws forbidding active euthanasia, or mercy killings, is based on the principle that all life is sacred, and that even extreme suffering should be fundamentally imposed on people if it could occur without their death. So death is legally regarded as impermissible when it is in any way caused by man. But what about the death penalty? There is a scenario where the government does not view life as the most sacred institution, so if exceptions are allowed, why not provide one that alleviates the constant suffering and agonies that plague people who have certain medical conditions, but are not allowed to self-terminate? â€Å"A French woman suffering from an incurable and disfiguring cancer was found dead on Wednesday, two days after a court rejected her request for medical assistance to help end her life, a source close to the government said,† an article from reuters. com reported of the woman who had petitioned to have a physician assist her in suicide. â€Å"Chantal Sebire, 52, whose face was swollen and distorted by a rare tumour in her sinuses, won heavy media coverage and the compassion of many French people in her bid to set a legal precedent for patients like her seeking to end their suffering. A court in the eastern city of Dijon ruled on Monday that Sebire could not have a doctor help her die because it would breach both the code of medical ethics and the law, under which assisted suicide is a crime. † But it seems that the code of medical ethics should make exceptions in certain cases of euthanasia. Forcing someone to die slowly in accordance with some debilitating disease is in no way more ethical or more humane than permitting that person to terminate his or her life painlessly. â€Å"After nine years, 130 deaths, and six trials, ‘Dr. Death’ Jack Kevorkian finally faces jail time for killing a desperate man who came to him for ‘help’ and found only death,† Liz Townsend writes in her article, Kevorkian’s Nine-Year Euthanasia Crusade Leads to Murder Conviction. â€Å"Thomas Youk’s death by lethal injection, administered directly by Kevorkian and nationally televised on 60 Minutes, led to a second-degree murder conviction March 26, but Youk was only one of many people who died to advance Kevorkian’s euthanasia crusade. ‘We believe the verdict should have been premeditated murder, but we’re very elated by the second-degree verdict,’ said Diane Coleman of the disability-rights group Not Dead Yet, according to the Associated Press. ‘We want to see Jack Kevorkian imprisoned for life. It’s clear he has no respect for people with disabilities. ’† But is assisted suicide really a violation of the rights of someone who is disabled? In cases of physician-assisted suicide, the patient would not think so. A violation of the rights of the disabled would be ignoring a plea for assisted suicide, which would end pain and suffering. But perhaps the most basic argument for permissability of euthanasia, in at least extreme cases, should be in regards to everyone’s personal liberty. By that argument, people may say that everyone should have the right to do as they please when it concerns their own body. But an argument against personal liberty might state that similar arguments would allow drug use and other impermissible activities. So What is to be done? It seems that the best thing to do would be to, when physician’s can gauge someone’s mental aptitude, allow them to actively euthanize themselves, or assist him or her in doing so, if the patient is mentally competent, and wishes to end his or her life. And in the case of a family pulling the plug on someone (passive euthanasia) it should be permissible at all times if the patient had previously expressed a desire to die rather than remain on life support. Works Cited Appleton, Michael et al. At Home with Terminal Illness: A Family Guide to Hospice in the Home. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1995. Barnard, C Good Life, Good Death – a Doctor’s Case for Euthanasia and Suicide. Hbk 146pp Prentice-Hall 1980. Bold and provocative work by the famous heart surgeon. Battin, Margaret P. The Death Debate: Ethical Issues in Suicide. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1996. The Law Society & the British Medical Association. Assessment of Mental Capacity – Guidance for Doctors & Lawyers. Pbk 152pp British Medical Association 1995. Randall, F, & Downie, R. Palliative Care Ethics – A Good Companion Pbk, 202pp Oxford University Press 1996.

Ford Mustang Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ford Mustang - Assignment Example For instance, in order for an automobile company to remain relevant in the market, most of them employ the strategy of lowering their costs to attract customers. This has been the war witnessed between Toyota and Ford and General Motors Company as noted by John (1999). Political/Government factors also impact on the automobile industries strategic planning as government laws and regulations requires them engage in production of eco-friendly automobiles (John, 1999). John reports that due to environmental concerns, car companies are being forced to abide with the regulations aimed at mitigating the levels of pollution. For instance, car companies are expected to adhere to Average Fuel Economy, which took effect in 1975 (John, 1999). Failure to comply with these regulations attracts heavy fines, which proves costly to these companies. For instance, these regulations have forced most of these companies to engage in the manufacture of eco-friendly and fuel efficient cars (John, 1999). John reports that the governments bid top lower the rate of employment has discouraged Ford Motors for instance, from fully automating its operation, which would in a way take up local jobs. The same has been witnessed with General Motors Company and Toyota as well. Technological changes taking place all over the world requires technological changes within automobile industries (Reynolds and Lancaster, 2012). This is due to the fact that some companies in the automobile industry have come up with more eco-friendly, and fuel efficient cars that are on high demand. A case in point is the most recent electric car. This means that other companies have to emulate this in order to remain relevant and have a competitive advantage over other competitors. Economic trends are the changes that occur in the economies of countries across the globe. The automobile industry is among the industries largely affected by

Law for business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Law for business - Essay Example A person who makes an offer is called as an offeror; and a person who receives that offer is called as an offeree. It is utterly important that offeror must make an offer to offeree. This would start a process of contract. Before going to reach a point of a valid contract, the valid contract may come across points like invitation to treat, counter-offer, query, time to consider, they may not make the contract valid; rather they may create other types of contracts. And some of them may revoke the valid contract. But, some scholars do not agree on one theory of contract; rather, there are two theories of contract-Will Theory and Declaration Theory (Beever, 2009). The main purpose of this report is to advice Acorn Antiques Ltd whether it should be ready to pay for legal liabilities for the injuries sustained by one of its customer, Erica, in the shop and whilst travelling to the hospital. To give a piece of advice, it is important to understand some basic information about the company a nd its employees. Acorn Antiques Ltd is run by two directors: Mr Clifford and Miss Babs; they have employed two people, Miss Berta, a sales person, and Mrs Overall, who provides the cleaning and catering services in the company. In order to give a piece of advice to Acorn Antiques, it is utterly significant to understand whether any contract exist between the injured party and the company. If a contract is established between Erica and Acorn Antiques Ltd, this would clearly require Acorn Antiques to pay for legal liabilities. If the contract is not established between Erica and the Acorn Antiques, no legal liabilities could be established or advised to the company. In the subsequent parts of this report, all the elements of contract are discussed for the purpose of determining whether they exist between the customer and the company. On the basis of this discussion, a piece of advice is given to the company. Contract: Definition and elements A contract encompasses offer and acceptanc e. According to Sir Frederick Pollock contract is defined as â€Å"a promise or set of promises which law will enforce,† (Keenan et al., 2009, p.204). This means, if a contract is established between the contracting parties, and it is legally bonding as well, in this case, it becomes a responsibility of law to enforce the elements of contract. Additionally, to enter into a contact, offeror must make an offer to an offeree. And in return, the offeree must accept the offer. These are the fundamental elements of the contract. The establishment of offer and acceptance creates a contract. If offer is made but acceptance is not made by the offeree, in this case, legally contract cannot be established. To establish the contract, both, offer and acceptance, must exist. Offer Offer contains fundamental ingredients of the contract (Emerson, 2009). An offer is an expression of willingness to the specific terms of contract, these terms are established with the intention that they would b ecome binding as soon as these terms are accepted by the offeree (Treitel, 2003). An offer determines the terms on which an individual shows his willingness to enter into a legally enforceable contractual relationship with another person. An offer must be capable of acceptance; it must be understandable and it must not be vague or unclear (McKendrick 2010, p136). Offer, once accepted, may become legally enforceable but many times all statements would not be amount to an offer. It is significantly important to make a

Who are the Arabs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Who are the Arabs - Essay Example Rodinson’s (1981) claim can therefore be valid for myriad reasons, foremost being their ‘Arab identity and their awareness of being Arab’ (p45). Rodinson’s definition of Arab is also important because it helps to give distinct identity to people who may be from other races but follow and identify with the fundamentals of Arabic culture and religion. As he elaborates that Egyptians and Lebanese Christians believe that they are Arabs by Arabian ideology (p7). Thus, ideological beliefs of Arabians have also evolved to encompass and bestow identity of Arab to non Islamic descendents who may not even speak Arabic. The criteria of following traits and traditions of Islam that broadly defines Arabic culture therefore becomes one of the vital ingredients for having an Arabic nationality. Halim Barakat (1993) also corroborates with broader description of Arab as defined by Rodinson. His asserts that Arab should contextualization become major factor while identifying Arabs. According to him, it allows one to ‘connect similarities as well as distinctive differences’ (p1). It incorporates the heterogeneity as well as plurality and helps one to assert one’s identity as an ‘Arab’. Indeed Barakat’s elicitation is hugely relevant as it emphasizes and recognizes the need for evolving civilization. The need to adapt to socio-religious and cultural paradigms become critical issues for evolving societies. For Arabs, it could be more logical because they cannot be confined within defined land or geographical area but the knowledge gained through religious ideologies and practice can certainly provide them with distinct identity of being ‘Arab’. ‘Arab’ has wide connotations and cannot be bound by linguistic or land. It is a conglomeration of people from different place having similar ideologies and beliefs. It is a ‘nationality’ within

Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 3

Management - Essay Example Refreezing is about eh stabling the change process. Mainly the organization looks to complete the refreezing stage through organizational norms, culture and structures (Carnall, 1994, p. 351). Organizational Level One of the most famous analytical models that describe the process of change at an organizational level has been developed by Harold J. Leavitt. According to Leavitt organizations are like multivariate systems that have four most important variables such as the structure, goal, technology and players (Moore, 1963, p. 141). According to Leavitt structure is the structure of authority, communication and responsibility and work relations. The players are the employees of the organization; Technology is the techniques and equipments that are used by the players or employees of an organization to achieve desired organizational goal. Leavitt considered goal as â€Å"la raison d’etre† of an organization. Leavitt believed that organizational goal is the rationale that complements the functioning and the existence of the organization. Leavitt believed that these variables lead to organizational change. The core concept model was represented by the strong relation and interdependence between the four variables leading to main consequences: One of the variables can be modified to inflict desirable changes in the other type of variable. The change of one variable may quite possibly lead to some unwanted and unexpected changes in the other variables (Ridley, 2008, p. 301). Researchers related to the field of organizational science and psychology however felt that the theory proposed by Lewin was a little dispersed and may require some modification so that the organizational... The study has been conducted in order to analyze the process of organizational change and development. Organization change can be defined as a transformation phase than an organization goes through when the structure and strategies of an organization is altered. The study looks to describe in the modern day business environment an organization has to go through a process of change not only to gain competitive advantage but also for ht mere survival. The study shows the role of the managers as a change agent. Organizational development can be defined as the answer to the organizational that is conducted to modify the norms, values and attitudes and structure of an organization. There are several inadequate processes of organizational change and development. Some of the essential factors need to be monitored before implanting organizational change within the firm. The present study looks to provide a brief over view of the organizational change and development process. During the course of study organizational change from and individual and organizational perspective has been analyzed. Theoretical and analytical models such as the Lewin’s three sate model, Harold J. Leavitt model of change and also model suggested by model suggested that Jeanne Watson, Ronald Lippit and Bruce Westley; which also happens to be a modified version of the three stage model proposed by Lewin has been presented. Also the process of organizational change implementation has been provided.

LEGAL TECHNOLOGY ISSUES Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 16250 words

LEGAL TECHNOLOGY ISSUES - Dissertation Example v City and Hackney HA [1997] 4 All ER 771 British Chiropractic Association (BCA) v Singh [2010] EWCA Civ. 350 Director of Public Prosecution v David Lennon [2006] EWHC 1201 Ellis v DPP [2001] EWHC Admin Gregg v Scott [2005] 2 AC 176 Hubbard v Vosper [1999] 1 W.L.R. 605 Loveday v Renton (No 2) [1992] 3 All ER 184. 15 [1995] 2 All ER 155. 16 Mahfouz & Ors v Ehrenfeld & Anor [2005] EWHC 1156 (QB) Pro Sieben Media AG v Carlton UK Televisions Ltd [1999] 1 W.L.R. 605 R v George F Cole & Stanislaw Frankowski R v Cambridge Health Authority ex p [1995] 6 MLR 250 R v Bedworth, Unreported - 18 March 1993 R v Cropp [1991] 7 CLSR 168 R v Delamare (Ian) [2003] EWCA R v Gold & Schifreen [1987] 1 QB 1116 (CA), aff'd [1988] AC 1063 (HL) 26 R v Vallor (2004) 1 Cr App R (S) 54 Re B [2002] 2 Re ML (Use of Skype Technology) [2013] EWHC 2091 (Fam) Sayre v Moore (1795) 1 East's 361 Bibliography - Books - Andrew Murray, Information Technology Law: The Law and the Society (Oxford University Press 2010) Avery G, Law and Ethics in Nursing and Healthcare (Sage 2012) Bently L, Suthersaenen U & Torremans P, Global Copyright: Three Hundred Years since the Statute of Anne (Edward Elgard Publishing 2010) BMA Medical Ethics Department, Everyday Medical Ethics and Law (John Wiley & Sons 2013) Brayne H & Carr H, Law for Social Workers (Oxford University Press 2012) Bureau of National Affairs, The United States Patents Quarterly (The University of California, 2011) Burton F, Family Law (Routledge 2012) Clough J, Principles of Cybercrime (Cambridge University Press 2010) Cole G F & Frankowski S, Abortion and Protection of the Human Fetus (Martinus Nijhoff Publishers 1987) Colston C & Galloway J, Modern Intellectual Property Law (Third edition, Routledge 2010) Cretney S M, Family Law in the Twentieth Century (Oxford University Press 2003) Deazley R, Rethinking Copyright: History, Theory and Language (Edward Elgard Publishing 2006) Dr. K.Jaishankar and Halder, D, Cyber Crime and the Victimisation of Women: Laws, Rights and Regulations (Idea Group Incorporation 2011) Dr Lily Srivastava, Law and Medicine (First edition, Universal Law of Publishing 2010) Duguenoy P, Jones S& Blundell B G, Ethical, Legal and Professional Issues in Computing (Cengage Learning EMEA 2008) Fadia A, An Unofficial Guide to Ethical Hacking (Second edition, Macmillan 2006) Fafinski S, Computer Misuse: Response, Regulation and the Law (Routledge 2013) Ghosh S & Tumini, E, Cybercrimes: A Multidisciplinary Analysis (Springer 2010) Gillies A, The Clinicians Guide to Surviving IT (Radcliffe Publishing 2006) Hare, I & Weinstein J, Extreme Speech and Democracy (Oxford University Press 2010) Harley D, Slade R & Gattiker U E., Computer Viruses Revealed (10th Edition, Dreamtech Press 2002) Helen C, Jennifer & Dawn (2008) New Perspectives on Bullying (Open University Press 2008) Jones R, Oxford Text Book of Primary Medical Care (Second edition, Oxford University Press 2005) Khan M & Robson M, Clinical Negligence (Cav endish Publishing 2001) Lloyd, I J., Information Technology Law (Oxford University Press 2011) Lloyd, L J, Introduction to Policing and Police Powers (Psychology Press 2005) Murray A, Information Technology Law (Oxford University Press 2013) O’Grady J, Dobbs-Smith I, Walsh L& Spencer M, Medicines, Medical Devises and the Law (Cambridge Univer

Theology Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Theology - Case Study Example rk through preaching and baptism in river Jordan, were a fulfillment of prophesies by prophet Isaiah and given my prior reading of the book of Isaiah (Mark 1 NIV), I found the events in Mark familiar. I would like to know Mark’s understanding of the book of Isaiah and how he clearly identified and documented the events during the time of John to be a fulfillment of the prophesies of Isaiah. A few questions I would like answered on the author; Apostle Mark in this case is: Did he witness the life of John or was the information passed to him through narration by either man or the Holy Spirit? Did he out rightly believe that Jesus was the Messiah Isaiah talked about or was he convinced by the miracles and preaching that Jesus later did during his time on earth? I would equally like to know how the early readers understood the book of Mark, especially those who were witnesses to the life of both John and Jesus. Did they connect with the writings as we do today or were there better believers given their eye witness accounts of these happenings? "Mark 1 NIV - John the Baptist Prepares the Way - The - Bible Gateway." BibleGateway.com: A searchable online Bible in over 100 versions and 50 languages.. N.p., n.d. Web. 3 Apr. 2013.

Compare the article in the Independent Essay Example for Free

Compare the article in the Independent Essay Compare the article in the Independent with the article in the Daily Mail, addressing the following aspects; layout, content and language. From this comparison, what conclusion can you draw with regard to the targeted readership and intended selling point of each newspaper? In this essay I will be comparing two very different articles from The Independent- a broadsheet and The Daily Mail- a tabloid. The story I will be studying is about a 14 year old boy called Luke Walmsley. Whilst he was waiting in the corridor to enter a classroom he was stabbed in the chest by a fellow pupil. The incident took place at the school he attended; Birkbeck School in Lincolnshire. The whole incident is said to be over who was better at sport and a girl that both boys were fond of, Luke had been seen getting close to this girl and the boy must of grown jealous. The boy who stabbed Luke had come from a troubled background himself and he was said to be quite insecure. I will discuss the following aspects the layout, content and the language that is included within the two articles, from this I will draw a comparison with regard to the targeted audience and intended selling point of each newspaper. The Daily Mail and The Independent are two different types of newspaper. The Daily Mail is what is known as a tabloid newspaper and focuses directly on the most popular events, human interests and trivial matters . A tabloid newspaper differs from the broadsheet paper this is included in its size, the range and depth of its coverage and the ratio of images to text. A Tabloid is around half the size of a standard broadsheet paper. Reports are more simplified or more direct and compact versions of a report. They also include a lot more images relating to the article. A tabloid is often found to be extremely biased and tries to influence the publics opinions on the reporters own certain views. The Independent is a broadsheet style newspaper. It generally focuses on the true given facts and includes great detail and goes into great depth in its articles. The question is why do people want to buy these newspapers? The Daily Mail attracts its readers by using a high rate of colour and images on its front page which is bound to catch the eye of passers by and interests them to buy the paper. In comparison to information in other newspapers it is often found to be exaggerated and is therefore in my opinion aimed at the less educated person. It is simple, easy and quite enjoyable to read with a range of bright pictures to accompany the article. The Independent doesnt tend to use a lot of colour neither does it use many pictures. The reason I believe in which The Independent attracts the nation into buying the newspaper is by publishing truthful, detailed accounts. They only focus on what they know for certain are true facts and relevant figures. Tabloids are made up of celebrity news and gossip which is exaggerated to make the story more appealing. This type of article is aimed at the lower and of the market. Broadsheets, however, have a far more mature approach to what they publish and include news that is of a interest to the whole nation young or old, although in general it is often written to target the higher better informed end of the market. Broadsheets incorporate details about the shares and stock market, business news and in general financial information I think this would appeal to a high status businessman, a professional management team or a politician. However by saying this I am being quite stereotypical because many people are interested in the stock market so they may just buy this type of paper for the finance section and not care what else is published within the paper whether it may affect them or not. Concentrating on the article, firstly I will discuss layout. The layout of the Daily Mail is bold and in your face which is very eye catching. The pictures are vibrant in colour and stand out another eye catching feature. When using a picture, it has to be chosen carefully. They must have an effect on the person looking at it whether or not its on a personal level or an image you recognise. Having this image alongside the bright, bold headline that cannot be avoided makes the paper stand out and really makes you notice the paper. The way in which the headlines font and size is changed and how the headline is worded is well constructed to make the story stand out and appear more exciting and readable to the papers targeted audience. Due to the fact that the daily mail is a tabloid it is therefore aimed at the lower end of the JICNAR scale in the c1 e category making it easier to read. The jobs these people may have would be lorry driver, factory workers, building site labour and unemployment. The front page is the main selling point to actually encourage people to buy and read the paper. Many housewives would also read The Daily Mail for its gossip and celebrity news.

Just Us! Cafe: Business Analysis

Just Us! Cafe: Business Analysis Just Us! Cafes is the company specialise in food and service industry consist of wholesaler and retailer in Nova Scotia, Canada, and United States. Just Us cafes vision is to be a leading Fair Trade business that builds on quality, professionalism and innovation for the benefit of all their stakeholders. Their core product is certified Fair trade, organic products and local products which is high quality and social and environmental responsibility. Just Us! Coffees focus on nique market of promoting fair trade. The Moores have maintained a strong commitment to educating consumers while building strong brand identity and upholding constant growth. The main distribution channel of Just Us are in grocery stores, four cafà ©s (two each in Wolfville and Halifax) and distributed products on university campuses. In current situation, the prevailing economic climate and increasing competition has been issues to the founders. In addition, Just Us! Coffee goal to expand their business, consequently, the new challenges arise from having compete with several big brands for example Starbuck, Mcdonald, Kraft who also introduce the FairTrade certified coffees, or Rainforest Alliances certified coffees and small coffee shops and new entrants to retain its brand recognition of its customers. There are several possible answer to those problem such as: Increase power of branding to make it difficult for new entrants and create the different with existing rivals. Using Joint venture, franchising as an option to expand into new market Using new media to increase marketing and customer service. 4 Current Situation Analysis Positioning is the art of designing the companys offering and image to occupy a distinctive place in the mind of the target market. (Kotler, 2003, pg 308). 4.1 External Analysis: In order to develop effective strategies Just Us Cafà ©s are required to examine the external environment in which they operate. I have carried out the following analyses: Pest Analysis Porters 5 Forces Competitor Analysis 4.1.1 PEST analysis Political As highlighted throughout the case, a huge political factor involved in the industry was the certified recognition of actual fair trade and the whole process. Economic The economic environment is constantly changing and as we can see from the case, some competitors are providing partially organic ranges as well as mainstream organic coffees. JU pricing is at a slight premium and in the current environment; disposable income of consumers can play a large role in choosing a product. JU must be aware that a consumers feeling toward one product may be influenced by their income, regardless of how strong they feel about fair trade. Social As mentioned in the case, the overall coffee experience seems to be a large part of the attractiveness of JU and competitors. Any future strategy must be designed with this experience in mind rather than expanding rapidly and diminishing the experience factor. Technology Technology is constantly evolving and JU can seize a significant advantage by utilizing technology more. JU needs to examine the improvements technology can make in the manufacturing process and in their advertising. Environment The issues of carbon footprint means there are more incentives to buy from local supply rather than international import. Legislation There is no specific legal requirement for fairtrade or coffee in general. 4.1.2 PORTERS FIVE FORCES Threat of New Entrants: Threat of New Entrants is high within the market as there are very few barriers to entry and fair trade coffee trends are extremely popular so it is an attractive industry. Buyer Power: Buyers threaten an industry by forcing down prices, bargaining for higher quality or more services, and playing competitors against each other (Dess et al 2004:53). As mentioned in Appendix B-PEST, the customers income plays a huge role in selecting a product therefore if they decide to bypass fair trade products because of the premium price they can hold allot of buyer power, thus making buyer power in the industry high. Threat of Substitutes: There are various substitutes for fair trade coffee in the industry such as regular coffee, tea etc but not only coffees but in the general beverages market e.g. Coca Cola, Water etc. As a result of this there is a very high threat of substitutes. Supplier Power: Supplier power is relatively low as the industry is fair trade coffee. From previous knowledge, coffee suppliers were being exploited and continued to produce. It is simply because of the willingness to partake in fair trade that they have gained power. However I still believe that due to the underdevelopment of the producing countries allot of the power still lies with the buyers. Competitive Rivalry: Competitive rivalry is relatively high as seen in previous competitor analysis. There are many competitors in the local market and on the shelf within the mainstream markets. 4.1.3 Competitor Analysis Competitor Channels Locations No. Shops Kicking Horse Coffee Shops, Gourmet West Coast, Canada N/A Stores, Restaurants Quebec Ontario Kraft Foods Stores, Universities United States Mainstream PG Millstone Mainstream Canada United States Mainstream Nestle Mainstream Canada United States Mainstream Lowblaws Private Label Lowblaws Stores Canada Mainstream Just Us! Coffee Shops, Universities, Gourmet Stores, Nova Scotia, Quebec 4 Coffee Shops On The Supermarkets Ontario Shelf Trident Bookseller Cafe Coffee Shop Halifax, Nova Scotia 1 coffe shop Java Factory Coffee Shop Nova Scotia-Halifax, 3 Coffee Shops Darthmouth, Upper Tantallon Tim Hortens Restaurant Nova Scotia General-Wolfville(2), Halifax(21) 170 Second Cup Coffee Shop Retailer Canada General, Nova 360 Scotia(6)-Halifax(5) 4.2 Internal Analysis 4.2.1 Core Competence The Value Chain is a method that can be used to analyze JUs internal environment. Porter (1980) created a generic value chain model which listed activities that could be found in most firms. These activities can be divided into primary and support activities, which aim to create value for customers, whilst exceeding the cost of such activities. 4.2.2 Financial Analysis 4.2.3 Value chain 4.2.4 Geography focus 4.3 Evaluation SWOT ANALYSIS Strength Just Us! Coffee Roasters brand equity is what drives the company forward. Customers base their decision to purchase coffee from Just Us! Coffee Roasters are a symbol of their own personal beliefs, demanding ethical business practices and quality of product. Just Us! Coffee Roasters image also attracts a passionate following. Weakness Just Us! Coffee Roasters operates as a co-operative. Not only must they operate to fulfill shareholders expectations, but they also must operate in a manner that is expected of the values that the company had initial0ly set out with. Jeff and Debra Moore, are bound to creating a profit while maintaining the appropriate image and practiced that they initially based their company on. Upon entering the next phase of the companys life cycle, Jeff and Debra must maintain operations under strict control of their original company values as they compete against competition that does not share the same values. Opportunity New Fair trade products: With more and more fair trade products becoming readily available a huge opportunity to increase the product portfolio is on the horizon for JU Social Media/Online: The online environment presents JU with a huge opportunity to increase brand awareness, engagement and utilize its loyal customers feedback at a very low cost. Threat Clarity on Fair Trade: An issue highlighted in the case was that of clarity and regulation on fair trade. It is to be seen that the fair trade term is been thrown around too commonly and applied to every product, thus potentially reducing effect of one of JUs key USPs. Clouded Focus: At the moment JU are using multiple channels of distribution, however with various challenges on the horizon a decision needs to be made on a strategy. Operating and managing two separate strategies can create a clouded vision within the company and a decision needs to be made on prioritization. 4.4 Ethical issues Ethics are the moral principles or values that govern the actions and decisions of an individual or group (Gresham 1985)  [1]  . Ethical principle has been used as guidelines of business activities and justification of action. The table below 2 The part JU focus on in this diagram is ethical and legal which make them more expensive than others. The reason for that is they promoting Fairtrade to pay more for suppliers, therefore, the cost of it will be higher than competitors who are currently not in fairtrade segment. Secondly, as the case study mention, they couldnt use licensing method since they dont trust the agency who selling JU product would comply with JU ethical principle. It may damage their reputation as well as losing customers. 5 Memo to juliet 5.1 BCG Matrix As JU provide various organic products it is important to examine the more profitable ones and not so profitable in order to either focus marketing effort on weaker products or discontinue them. The revenue from coffee and drink has the highest percentage in the trade figures of Just Us! Cafe while in the Fairtrade market there is significant growth rates in volume in both coffee and tea over a four year period. Perhaps JU should look at the profitability of the market for others (vouchers) and consider placing less emphasis on it. Since it contributed lowest proportion to the total revenue and even loss in one store. However, the gift cards, gift basket and event tickets in this category may promote all Just Us products. Benefits of BCG Matrix The BCG matrix help managers in resource allocation among various units. The managers can compare several business units which company offer. This method simplified the analysis of the product and market by using the market share and growth rate of products. BCG has been well known world wide and used for quick respond to the industry. The BCG allows for the making of comparisons so as to measure the growth and development rate of a company against the average growth rate in that specific industry. In addition, this particular matrix is also enjoyable to use, encouraging better decision making. Large organizations that are normally in need of effective decision making can benefit a lot from using BCG matrix, especially those seeking better resource management. Limitations of BCG Matrix High market share does not always leads to high profits. There are high costs also involved with high market share. Growth rate and relative market share are not the only indicators of profitability. This model ignores and overlooks other indicators of profitability. At times, dogs may help other businesses in gaining competitive advantage. They can earn even more than cash cows sometimes. To sum up, it can be seen that even though BCG matrix has many benefits, it may not applied to JU since they offer Fairtrade products, therefore, the cost is relatively high as well. In other words, high market share and high growth rate may not give them high profit. Moreover, the dog products seem to have lower revenue may due to high profit margin and has been used to promote others products. 5.2 Product Life Cycle Using product life cycle to find the stage of products could help to understand the profit of the products offered. Rather than compare the market share and growth rate, JU can use product life cycle to understand their products. Coffee and drinks still on the growing trend, it shows that these products is on the growth stage which need to increase differentiation, improve the products and services while gaining the market shares. The JU products and Bodum, Lunches, Bakery has been put in maturity stage since the revenue of those are expected to increase slighty compare with Coffee and Drinks. The other products of JU complied of gift card, event tickets has low profit and even loss due to introduction stage. Therefore, it should not be removed from the products range. 5.3 Financial Analysis Appendix 5.4 Geography Concentrated Appendix 6 Retail Customer loyalty strategy INTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATION The concept of IMC has been defined in three ways: a one-voice view in which there is one theme and one image, a perspective which suggests that product, image and consumer behaviour should be considered simultaneously and a perspective which focuses on the integration of communications disciplines.(Nowak, et al, 1994) CONSISTENCY IMC planners, focus their attention in two types of consistency, one voice one look and strategic consistency. For instance one voice one look, delivers a campaign in which all advertising, sales promotion, sponsorship, publicity and direct response and package for the two different products have the same appearance and feel. All the media messages reinforce one and the other. (Duncan, 2003) Renovation of coffee shops into uniformed unit could show customer the consistency of the business. Increase the customer service performance JU cafe can improve the customer service such as the expert suggestion or customer related services. The good customer service could improve the performance and increase turnover. Improve customer awareness Events and exhibitions to keep the customer aware and informed about fair trade and Just Us products. By provide the chance for customer to understand JU nature as well as fairtrade, customer can feel more comfortable to come to the coffee shop. Loyal customer base Promotions such as giving free cup of coffee for return customers. Loyalty cards for existing customer to collect points to exchange for gifts or products. Customer relationships such as email of new products or service or simply the news on Fairtrade. 7 STP analysis and the marketing mix Market MARKET SEGMENTATION AND TARGETING Segmentation and targeting seek to determine who companies want to reach in order to build brand relationship. Marketing today is in the name of efficiency and effectiveness, becoming more focused on smaller but more profitable segments of the market. (Duncan, 2003) Just us cafe currently focus on the young people 18-30 who concern about the ethical issues and interested in Fairtrade. However, that is only the niche market where the number of customer is small compare to JU competitors. In order to increase sales, JU need to expand it own segmentation. In other words, JU need to enter new segment in order to get more customers. For example, JU offer to fashion industry such as giving coffee for catwalk show or JU coffee could offer delivery to office for white collar people. JU coffee would increase the target since more and more people outside their age focus interested in drink coffee and ethical issues. POSITIONING The positioning of the JU coffee need to be uniformed. At the moment, there are 4 different location which offer different products and service which make JU too diversified. If new customer come to the coffee bar they may expected the same service, therefore, JU coffee should be made as uniform service. Strategic Marketing Options: Ansoffs Matrix In the market JU has their existing menu as the existing products which other competitor also provide the same kind of products and services. The market is existing. Therefore, JU cafe have 3 option they could adopted. Market penetration: JU can improve their customer service, renovate the current location and training employees to increase and improve the customer experience. Moreover, they can use new media to promote the brand. Product development: JU can come up with new products which may benefits their current customers such as new formular for coffee, additional art on coffee cream or the new food in their menu. Market development: JU can use Joint Venture to expand their market and sharing the risk of investment. Evaluation of Options: SAF Option 1: Market penetration Suitable In the current situation, Just Us cafe can use this to improve their market share Yes Acceptable This method is acceptable since JU has the experience in premium service. Yes Feasible The fund required is lower than the other methods The experience available Yes Option 2: Product development Suitable In the current situation, Just Us cafe can use this to improve their customers experience. Yes Acceptable The new products cannot be launched immediately since they need to research and development. No Feasible The fund required is high and there is need for expertise. May be Option 3: Market development Suitable In the current situation, Just Us cafe can use this to improve their market share Yes Acceptable This method make JU lose part of their control in new shops. May be Feasible The fund required is medium since it can be share with other venture and the risk is shared as well Yes 8 Implementation a. Strategic and Marketing Objectives b. Marketing Strategy and Marketing Mix Advertising POP materials Direct Marketing Web Site Personal Selling Exhibitions and Events Packaging Sales Promotion Trade Promotion Product Placement Field Marketing c. Responsibilitiesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ d. Time Period for Implementationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ e. Monitoring and Controlà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ f. Return on Investmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ 9 Conclusion Just us cafe can offer the option 3 or option 1 since all of the option require sufficient fund to launched. The option 3 seem to be more suitable since JU want to expand the market. Using Joint Venture, they can create the alliance with other rival to protect themselves as well as increase the power over new entrant and stronger competitors. However, they can increase their channel for supply and B2B market as well as B2C. Besides, JU can also use new media such as online business or online network to promote their brand with low cost of maintainance since WWW become more and more wellknown.

Globalization is an ongoing process

Globalization is an ongoing process Globalization is a wide term and a difficult one to define. The definition that most people seem to agree upon is that globalization is an ongoing process of economical, social and cultural integration between countries all over the world through a global network of communication, transportation and trade. When used in economic context, globalization refers to the reduction and removal of barriers between national borders in order to facilitate the flow of goods, capital, services and labor. Globalization became very important topic of discussion and concern in economic circles in the middle 1990s. Even though global common market promotes the freedom of exchange of goods and capital, the interconnectedness of these markets can mean that economic crisis in one country can impact other countries. The best evidence is recent global economic crisis. Also, thanks to the revolution in communication, transportation technology and improved availability of information companies now can produce goods and services in the countries where workers have the lowest wages and health benefits as well as least worker protection which can lead to job loses and sweatshops. A number of people argue that globalization has weakened the position of poor countries and exposed the poor to harmful competition so they demand additional reforms, be they institutional or economic. BODY OF THE TEXT: Its hard to prove that globalization is precisely what does or doesnt cause poverty since links between globalization and poverty are indirect. For example, poverty can be measured in a lot of different ways; from countrys average or overall well being. Also many people have been poor during the history for many different reasons that cant be attributed to globalization, but as developing countries became more integrated into the world trading process over the past 20 years, world poverty rates have steadily fallen. Despite this, many studies in this particular subject suggest that globalization has caused rising inequality, meaning that the poor do not always share in the gains from global trade. In general, global market competition rewards people with initiative and skills while poor people are handicapped by their lack of access to capital and so they have problems adjusting to the changing market. The fact that the GDP (Gross Domestic Product) of the 41 heavily indebted poor cou ntries is less than the wealth of the worlds 7 richest people combined is the best evidence of rising inequality. Export growth and incoming foreign investments have reduced poverty all around the world but at the same time currency crises have increased. Links between globalization and poverty dont depend solely on trade or financial globalization but on the interaction of globalization with the rest of the economic environment such as investments in human capital and infrastructure, worthy institutions, governance and macroeconomic stability that includes flexible exchange rates. World Bank proved in their research that besides openness to trade many other factors such as macroeconomic policies or investment climate affect one`s country economy. Usually, the hardest part is achieving that foreign capital flows unboundedly.A good example of opening to trade is China that made the most of foreign investments. Investment climate is one of the key points of successful trade for poor countries. It refers to regulations and environment in which a company operates. World Bank stimulated countries to measure investment climate and find the source of their problems that require urgent solutions. This kind of research was conducted in Bangladesh, China, India and Pakistan where they covered different types of companies like garment and electronic and discovered that the biggest problem concern weaknesses in governance. Also, indicators of investment climate are period that material is held on the custom and installation of a telephone line. In these areas, China came out as the best rated country so we may say that it used globalization for improvement. RICH COUNTRIES COULD HELP POOR ONES TO INTEGRATE Agriculture is a line of production where developed countries hold strong protectionism We mention it because it is a branch of production where poor countries could earn the most. For example, U.S. eliminates foreign producers by giving subsidies to their farmers. Annually they give 50 million dollars in subsidies while only thirty percent of that money goes to Africa through foreign aid. Pew research center conducted a survey which reveals that developing countries have problems with agriculture because rich countries refuse to break trade barriers. Even though living standards are advancing in the developing world it is not the case in the poor countries, especially in Africa. The differences between rich and poor are getting more obvious day by day. It is very sad that almost half of the world, over three billion people, live on less than 2,5 dollars a day while at least 80 percent of humanity lives on less than 10 dollars a day. According to UNICEF, 22 thousand children die every day due to poverty. They die quietly in the poorest villages on Earth. Apart from hunger, diseases that kill them are hepatitis A and B, malaria, cholera, AIDS, yellow fever and many other. . Also water problems are not rare, they affect half of humanity. About billion people entered 21st century unable to sign their names or read a book. The industrial countries have to make greater efforts to open their markets and develop country exports. In poor Asian economies like Bangladesh, Vietnam or Cambodia large numbers of women have to work in garment export factories at wages that are low by world standards but are much more higher than what they would earn in alternative occupations. In spite of that wealthy countries benefit the poor, their assistance isnÂÂ ´t enough to make them independent. Reasons why countries didn`t manage to set up are various according to IMF. They might be weakness of administration like corruption, spending money on irrelevant projects instead of investing in appropriate ones or suggesting projects that support interests of rich countries. Concerning this, market competition is practically unbearable for poor countries so they usually don`t profit from globalization. CONCLUSION: Globalization has reduced poverty especially by removal of barriers between national borders and raising awareness about global problems such as poverty, illness and hunger thanks to the revolution in communication but its also responsible for rising inequality since small businesses and third world countries are not capable to update their technology as often as their larger, wealthier counterparts but even the poor gain something from globalization. Most countries have moved ahead with trade and exchange liberalization. What rich countries should do is to support development of health and education, set aside as much money as possible and free up the trade. Apart from that, rich countries should concern aid as a part of their GDP ( Gross domestic Product) because it seems to be at its lowest points since it was instituted.To make poor countries benefit from globalization, actions at national and international level must be undertaken.

The Lady of Shalott and The Lady in the Looking Glass :: Lady of Shalott Essays

The Lady of Shalott and The Lady in the Looking Glass Alfred, Lord Tennyson wrote "The Lady of Shalott" around 1830, during what is known as the Victorian Age. Virginia Woolf published "The Lady in the Looking Glass: A Reflection" in 1929, during what is referred to as the Modernist Age. These works of art both deal with women who have important relationships with mirrors. The light in these stories has a great and different effect and meaning for each of these women. The importance and meaning of light are contrasted in these two tales, representing a change in writer's attitudes toward light portrayal. In Tennyson's poem, the woman known as The Lady of Shalott, has been placed in a tower and told if she ever looks directly onto Camelot, she will be cursed. "A curse is on her if she stay / To look down to Camelot"(lines 40-41). She relies upon a mirror to reflect to her what happens outside her tower. Light is very important to her, as without the light there can be no reflections. It is through the use of this mirror that she glimpses Lancelot riding by, in the sunlight, "His broad clear brow in sunlight glow'd;"(line 100). She falls in love with him, and watches him ride away causing her eye to wander from the mirror to the road and on to Camelot. The light, which beforehand had allowed her glimpses of the world, is her undoing and the curse is upon her. Up until the point when the Lady decided to look toward Camelot, the light had been a positive aspect in her life. The light was most often friendly for The Lady of Shalott, but it does not prove to be friendly to Isabella Tyson, the main character in Woolf's "The Lady in the Looking-Glass: A Reflection." After returning from the garden, "At once the looking-glass began to pour over her a light that seemed to fix her; that seemed like some acid to bite off the unessential and superficial and to leave only the truth"(2456).

journeyhod A Journey into the Heart of Darkness :: Heart Darkness essays

A Journey into the Heart of Darkness   The white man is evil, or so says Joseph Conrad in his novel Heart of Darkness, which describes the colonial transformation of the symbolically angelic African wilderness into an evil haven for the white man.   The novel presents a psychological journey into the core of evil or "heart of darkness" in one's own mind, as he or she progresses through the jungle. The reader follows Marlow, the novel's narrator, along such a journey.   His psychological changes as he approaches the heart of darkness are evident, as the reader observes, in his views of the African natives, lying and Kurtz.     Marlow is an honest man.   He sets out on a genuine search for answers to his questions of exploration of the unknown "when (he) was a little chap" (Conrad 64).   Marlow was drawn to a certain place on the world map, called the Congo "the biggest, the most blank, so to speak---that (he) had a hankering after" (Conrad 64). Upon first entering the mouth of the Congo River, Marlow declares his stance on lies and those who lie.   [He believes that lying in the worst thing for a person.] He vows never to lie in his life.   After reading Kurtz's report about his progress down the Congo, Marlow finds that Kurtz lied, and in part loses all the respect he ever had for Kurtz.   However, Marlow still continues to pursue him.   Marlow continues his journey up the Congo River, penetrating further and further into the heart of darkness.   In the process, Marlow reverts back to his innate state to survive, whether or not that means going against his principles.   Finally, 200 mi les later, Marlow meets Kurtz, who is the object of his psychological desire, only to find him very ill.   After Kurtz's death, Marlow finds himself transformed into a person he thought he would never become, a liar.   Marlow lies to Kurtz's intended about Kurtz's last words when he returns to Europe. After being consumed by the heart of darkness, Marlow throws away his previous values as he reverts into a savaged, almost evil state of mind.     Though honest, Marlow is a prejudiced man; he is the epitome of colonialism.   Going into the Congo, Marlow views the natives as prehistoric evils in desperate need of white influence and civilization. Throughout the physical journey, Marlow is confronted with the natives time and time again, seeing them chained as slaves, living in a village and attacking his own steam boat.

Feminism in Virginia Woolf Essay

Virginia Woolf is regarded to be a modern literary figure. She was an English novelist and essayist who was a significant icon in London literary society. She was a member of the Bloomsbury group. Her famous novels are â€Å"Mrs. Dalloway†, â€Å"To The Lighthouse† and â€Å"Orlando† and the essay â€Å"A Room of One’s Own. † Contemporary feminists regard Woolf as an advocate of the movement. This paper will analyze Woolf’s background and some of her works to bring up points of her beliefs on the matter. Growing up in London, Woolf was influenced by a wide circle of Victorian society. Her father, Sir Leslie Stephen was an editor, critic and biographer. He had conections to numerous British writers including William Thackeray. Novelists such as George Elliot, Henry James, Julia Margaret Cameron, George Henry Lewes and James Russell Lowell often dropped by in their house. (Maze, 18, 1995) Woolf and her sister Vanessa were sexually abused by their half-brothers Gerald and George. According to modern scholars, this traumatizing experience triggered her nervous breakdowns. The deaths of her mother Julia Prinsep Stephen in 1895, her half-sister Stella in 1897 and her father in 1904 added salt to the wound. Woolf was institutionalized after her most alarming breakdown. (Maze, 20, 1995) Despite her mood swings, mental breakdowns and decline in social functioning, Woolf’s abilities to write remained. Biographers claim that Woolf’s marriage to Leonard Woolf was not consummated. According to them, she was a lesbian. Nonetheless, the couple had a tight relationship and often collaborated in the literature industry. Leonard Woolf was the publisher while Virginia Woolf was the writer. Hogarth Press published a majority of Woolf’s works. (Maze, 23, 1995) Woolf had a relationship with Vita Sackville West, an English poet and novelist. Their affair lasted for two years but thry remained friends. Other relationships with women were Madge Vaughn (the inspiration for â€Å"Mrs. Dalloway) and Violet Dickinson, a composer. There were also debates on whether Vanessa and Virginia also had an intimate and incestuous relationships or they were just close. (Maze, 24, 1995) Modern science explains Woolf’s disorder as a case of bipolar personality. On the verge of another nervous breakdown, Woolf commited suicide by drowning herself in the River Ouse. (Bowlby, 32, 1989) Students concentrating on Woolf and her works often analyze the lesbian and feminist themes in her novels, essays and short stories. For example, â€Å"A Room of One’s Own† discusses the difficulty female intellectuals and writers had to go through a time when men had more economic and legal power. What was instore for women in society and in education were unknown. This work exploited the obstacles, challenges and the anxieties of Woolf and other women writers during the 1930s. (Bowlby, 35, 1989) Women writers were afraid to write what they believed to be the â€Å"truth† because they were afraid that the academic world, which was made up by a majority of men, would disclaim their writings and describe it as mere opinions. A major problem of women writers in that decade was that tehyw ere not taken seriously. There was a disparity between male and female writers. The latter was said to be inferior. (Bowlby, 29, 1989). Woolf was a woman ahead of her time. One of the points she wanted to present was that a woman could be more than a housewife. She elaborated this by writing that women could perform the conventional duties in the household and have a career, in her case, an author, at the same time. She compared women who wait for the men to come home after work as objects, simply because they meet was was expected of them. (Lounsberry, 3, 1998) â€Å"Mrs. Dalloway† discussed themes on madness and feminism through two characters – Clarissa Dalloway and Septimus Warren Smith. Clarissa represents economic and sexual repression whereas Septimus is the remedy to depression and insanity. Septimus’ suicide was an allusion to Woolf’s constant struggle with manic depression. Like the character, Woolf also hallucinated that the birdes were singing Greek. There was also an instance when Woolf tried to throw herself out of the window, the exact same way she wrote Septimus’ death. â€Å"Mrs. Dalloway† also touched bisexuality through Sally Seton, Clarissa’s partner. (Lotz, 26, 2003) â€Å"To The Lighthouse† presented a new method on understanding thoughts. This is Woolf’s masterpiece and one of her best autobiographies. She suggested that by understanding thoughts, the writer must spend a good amount of time listening to her thoughts and studying how her words and her emotions affect her mind with what she saw. (Lotz, 27, 2003) In order to look into Woolf’s take on feminism and gender equality closer, scholars carefully analyze Woolf’s influential novel â€Å"Orlando. † This is a semi-biographical novel that was inspired by Woolf’s passionate relations with Sackville-West. It is the story of Orlando, a young English man who didn’t want to grow old. One day, he woke up and realized that he was turned into a woman. He still had the same intellect and same personality but he had a woman’s body. (Lotz, 28, 2003) Through this work, Woolf wrote a semi-autobiography that presented lesbian love to its readers. Because of the delicate subject matter, â€Å"Orlando† was banned in the United Kingdom. Also, â€Å"Orlando† started the trend of the non-fiction genre in literature. The novel is both transgender and transgenre. (Lotz, 29, 2003) Woolf is the first activist who vied for woman’s suffrage. Through her works, she changed the views and ideologies of women writers. Because of her, women were no longer annonymous. Most importantly, they were noticed and their works were regarded to be as the same level as those of male writers. (Lounsberry, 4, 1998) She set the groundwork for transformative social changes. Her beliefs which she wrote from 1920s to 1940 clearly indicated a movement that was heading toward the direction for women’s suffrage rights. Woolf’s writings on feminisms as indicated in her public letters and â€Å"A Society† assessed the development of the feminist subversion by male scholars. (Lounsberry, 5, 1998) â€Å"Three Guineas† is Woolf’s essay that has the most explicit and clear statement on feminism. It provides a meticulous and well-researched observation on the subject matter. Woolf also presented her relations with different women’s organizations which share her agenda. (Lotz, 30, 2003) This is Woolf’s feminist work that is uncompromising. She assaults the domination and privilege of men toward women. The details that are elaborated and sustained from beginning to end argue that women are still capable of maintaining a fervid argument which is relevant for feminism then and now. Woolf might have neglected class and sexuality in some of her feminist works because this was a problem during her time. However, she does her best to present to her readers her objectives on why she wrote her three guineas – which are democratization, education and public professional acivity. (Lotz, 31, 2003) By analyzing these three guineas and the possiblity of what can happen if a woman takes on the important roles that are associated to these, Woolf enriches the understanding of females everywhere. She takes into account the evolution and the development of feminism by combating the image that had been founded by males. (Lotz, 32, 2003) Woolf’s creations are long, scholarly and complex but when read with a feminist perspective, these are impressive and takes the reader into the author’s personality, convictions and beliefs. If she were alive now, she would prefer to be called a humanist than a feminist. Simply because she was not obsessed with women, she was merely hoping that women would have the same rights, honors and privileges as of men. By compassionately exploring Woolf’s feminism, literary scholars poke into her sexuality and psychology that surround and precede in all her works. She was once quoted saying that ‘the triumph of learning is that it leaves something done solidly forever. ’ She did exactly just that – with her works and her movement toward feminism. Works Cited Maze, John R, â€Å"Virginia Woolf: Feminism, Creativity and the Unconscious†, pp. 18 – 24, Free Inquiry, Vol 15, Spring 1995 Bowlby, Rachel, â€Å"Feminist Destinations†, pp 32 – 29, National Review, Vol 41, November 24, 1989 Lounsberry, Barbara, â€Å"The Tales We Tell†, pp 3 – 5, New Statesman, Vol 127, January 16, 1998 Lotz, Amanda D, â€Å"Communicating Third Wave Feminism and New Social Movements†, pp 26 – 32, Women and Language, , Vol 26. 2003,

Compare and Contrast on High School and College Essay

The transition from high school to college is an arduous one. Students have to get used to being on their own and have more responsibilities than ever before. The workload is only the first of many differences between being a senior in high school and a freshman in college. Along with an increase in workload, students are also forced to learn proper time management skills such as how to juggle a job, school, all while maintaining a social life. The transition from a high school student to a college student begins the second they open the door into what looks like another world. There is no aspect of familiarity, no point of reference for students. There are no individual desks or familiar faces to give them the feeling of security that one feels going back to high school each year. The first day of high school always included some kind of icebreaker where students were forced to state their name and an â€Å"interesting fact† about themselves in hopes of helping other students to remember their name. In college, no one cares what one’s name is or that they have 3 hamsters at home. Professors are more concerned with getting down to business and teaching the scheduled material on the very first day of class. Students are forced into a whirlwind of unfamiliarity and they either sink or swim. The decision is theirs. Generally speaking, a high school student can expect to be free of homework for the first two weeks of high school. However, students do not get so lucky in college. One can expect a paper and group project, as well as a syllabus quiz to be given within the first class period. In addition to assigned papers and syllabus quizzes, it is up to students to complete textbook readings, of 20+ pages before coming to class and to be prepared to be given a pop quiz if necessary. It is common for first year college students to feel lost and overwhelmed, inundated in papers and assignments, often questioning how they will make it through the semester. Above all, students are forced to learn how to better manage their time. There is no more daydreaming or dependin g on classmates to help with in-class and take-home assignments. What used to be so easy in high school is not so easy in college. There are no more seven-hour school days planned out by guidance counselors with help from a computer program. Schedules are no longer handed out in homeroom on the first day of classes, instead it is the student’s job to pick the classes they want to take and come up with a perfectly crafted schedule that fits into their already busy schedule. It’s up to the scholar  to decide when to eat lunch, when to study, and when they can fit a job into their schedule. In college, students are given more freedom when it comes to their schedule, but it is easy to find comfort in that cookie cutter schedule that is given in high school. The real world can be a scary place for a first year college student. In sum, the transition from high school to college is a challenging one. It is not easy to be pushed out into the real world, completely submersed in _____. Although it may be tough at times, this transition is a crucial one in the process of growing up. The lessons learned within the first year of college are ones that can be taken and applied later on in life.

Ontology in Anselm, Descartes and Kant Essay

Ontology is a purported proof that God exists. The ontology provided by St. Anselm in the eleventh century set the standard in Western thought, and on which all subsequent ontology attempted to measure itself. Before the renaissance and the age of reason it was generally agreed that only a fool would deny the existence of God. Accordingly the ontology of St. Anselm employs the attitude of a fool – meaning some one without any of the higher concepts of philosophy – as the crux of the argument. The argument commences with a definition of God: â€Å"Now we believe that [the Lord] is something than which nothing greater can be thought† (81). The association made is to perfection, for only in perfection can we conceive nothing beyond. In traditional attempts at ontology the strategy was to find God amongst the splendor of his creation. Anselm, however, eschewed the evidence of experience and tried to affect a proof from pure thought. It is placed in the head of a simpleton, and in this way is made to appear as stemming from the innate mind, and not clouded by the errors of perceptual understanding. Anselm’s fool wants to cling to the idea that â€Å"God is not!† But such atheism does not strangle the thought processes inside the head. It necessarily searches for perfection, that being the natural inclination of man, which is to seek happiness, comfort, order, and so on. Can the fool imagine perfection, asks Anselm. The answer is that he cannot. For whatever ideal it fixes on, the mind surges past it for something even better. However, this relentless ascendancy within the mind presages the existence of perfection therein, for otherwise the mind chases after nothing. Now, since we have already identified perfection with God, the mind imagines God, and indeed strives towards it. Existence in the mind will not suffice as ontology. Therefore, as the next step in the argument, Anselm attempts to measure the idea with reality. We must next consider whether that which has been imagined as perfect has a corresponding reality beyond the mind. If it does not then we have a contradiction. For being in the mind alone we are then able to imagine something even greater than it. That which was imagined as perfect now turns out have something that is more perfect than it. Anselm is sure that he has found a contradiction here. So he proceeds to conclude:   â€Å"Therefore, there is no doubt that something than which a greater cannot be thought exists both in the understanding and in reality† (82). Descartes, though largely accepting this ontology, doesn’t accept the contradiction derived in the final step. He argues that reality has not been introduced at all, but only an idea if reality. In the final analysis the entire ontology is taking place in the head. It is an imagined God that Anselm proves, says, Descartes, not a real one. His correction, therefore, was to consider the phenomenal world after all. In this manner he laid out what has famously come to be known as â€Å"Cartesian doubt†. The world of sensory experience, when examined philosophically, naturally induces doubt, for all perspectives are subjective. It is impossible to construe an objective form subjective sensory experience. But instead of holding back doubt Descartes allows it full reign. He starts to explore what else can be doubted. Soon it is found that not only material reality, but also all the perceptions and ideas of the mind must also be doubted, for they all stem from the same faculty of understanding. But his doubting reach must come to and end eventually, when he comes to consider consciousness itself. Descartes discovers that he is unable to doubt the â€Å"I†, for it is the â€Å"I† itself that is doubting, i.e. thinking. Thus his famous conclusion, â€Å"Cogito, ergo sum† – I think, therefore I am (68). From the proof of self-existence to the proof of God is a simple step. A self that is subject to doubt is imperfect, and therefore implies the existence of Creator who is perfect. Kant, in turn, comes to dismiss both these attempts at ontology on the simple premise that existence is not a predicate. In other words, it is meaningless to say simply â€Å"God is.† Our concepts of understanding allow us to apply reason in the form of sentences that contain both subject and predicate. So that we can say that ‘God is good’, or that ‘God is merciful’. But simply ‘God is’ is not meaningful, and human understanding does not allow such speculation. In effect, Kant is saying that ontology is not possible. This is in concord with the rest of Kant’s philosophy, which emphasizes that we are not able to pronounce on the noumenal world, i.e. on â€Å"things in themselves†. He describes three categories of noumena – the soul, the material world, and God, the last being the source of the first two. Therefore God is definitely part of Kant’s philosophical scheme, only that he remains beyond human understanding, and we cannot even pronounce on God is the simplest form – ‘God is.† Just as we cannot know anything about the soul, or the material world, as things in themselves, but only come to know the consequences of them. Our understanding is limited to the phenomenal world, where practical reason applies. Kant also speculates on the existence of a transcendental â€Å"pure reason†, that which overcomes the anomalies of practical reason. Pure reason is identified as an end in itself, and is thus identified with perfection. He stipulates it as a moral imperative that we pursue â€Å"pure reason† as the highest goal. Yet he refuses to identify this perfection with God, and differs with Anselm on this point. He also differs with Descartes’ ‘cogito, ego sum’, and complains that logic is being applied to derive existence, the rationale being that the part cannot be used to explain the whole. The least objectionable ontology, in my opinion, is that of St. Anselm’s. To make this point I will show that the refutations put forward by Descartes and Kant are not appropriate. Descartes’ complaint was that the proof given by Anselm is wholly ideal, without reference to the phenomenal world to give it substance. But Anselm does indeed refer to the phenomenal world, when he introduces the postulate that the ideal of perfection has no corresponding existence in the real world. In fact on this postulate the entire argument hinges, for it is used to derive the contradiction, from whence the ontology ensues. â€Å"Cartesian doubt† a merely a long-winded way of coming to the same conclusion. Kant’s complaint, on the other hand, is not really an argument at all, but rather a boast that he has not has to use the words â€Å"God exists† anywhere in his philosophy. For to pick on the grammar of â€Å"God exists† on the justification that the noumenal world is unknowable is taking matters too strictly. Even accepting Kant’s theory, it is not right that we desist from pronouncing the existence of God. He may not have done so explicitly, but Kant does indeed pronounce of the existence of God in the implicit sense. As a moral precept to action he gives us the categorical imperative: â€Å"I am never to act otherwise than so that I could also will that my maxim should become a universal law† (13). The universal law is pertaining to the moral law, which is described as an end itself, and therefore is no different from the idea of perfection. An imperative is only categorical when it works universally, without contingency. To paraphrase Kant, the rationale of human existence is to pursue the moral life in order to attain to perfection, in other words, God. Other than the fastidious insistence of grammar, Kant does not really object to Anselm’s ontology. With both Descartes’ and Kant’s objections discredited, Anselm’s ontology must stand as the best, being the simplest and most intuitive. Works Cited Anselm. Basic Writings. Translated by Thomas Williams. Boston: Hackett Publishing, 2007. Descartes, Rene. Meditations on First Philosophy: With Selections from the Objections and Replies. Translated by John Cottingham. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996. Kant, Immanuel. Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysic of Morals. Whitefish, MT: Kessinger Publishing, 2004.   

McDonald’s: The coffee spill

1. What are the major issues in the Liebeck case and in the following incidents? Was the lawsuit â€Å"frivolous† as some people thought, or serious business? The major issues in this case include how hot the coffee should be, when to draw the line on making a case outrageous and how corporations are supposed to please customers without worrying about being sued. I believe that the lawsuit was frivolous because of the amount of money that was being asked for. It is common sense that when you order coffee or any other hot beverage that contents will be hot.I feel that it was the fault of Liebeck and although this is the case, McDonald’s should have paid the medical bills and settled out of court before it was blown out of proportion. 2. What are McDonald’s social (economic, legal, and ethical) responsibilities toward consumers in the Liebeck case and the other cases? What are consumers' responsibilities when they buy a product such as hot coffee or hot hamburgers? How does a company give consumers what they want and yet protect them at the same time?McDonald’s responsibilities are to be honest and fair economically, legally and ethically. Any business should keep the safety of their customers in mind and if an incident does occur, take responsibility. Consumers are responsible for situational awareness. They should pay more attention to what they are doing and if something does occur, consumers should act within reason and not try to get every cent from the company they can. It is impossible to keep everyone happy. 3. What are the arguments supporting McDonald’s position in the Liebeck case?What are the arguments supporting Liebeck’s position? McDonald’s stated that Liebeck had only herself to blame for placing the cup between her legs. It was also stated that Liebeck failed to leap out of the seat allowing the coffee to penetrate her clothing and burning her. A burn expert for Liebeck stated that 170 degree coffe e is capable of causing second degree burns within 3. 5 seconds. It was also argued that 700 complaints, equal to one in every 24 million cups sold, is trivial.This statement was supposed to help McDonald’s but in turn helped Liebeck. 4. If you had been a juror in the Liebeck case, which position would you most likely have supported? Why? What if you had been a juror in the pickle burn case? If I were a juror in this case or the pickle burn case, I would have most likely supported McDonald’s. I feel that people should show a little more common sense when they order food. Most people want to get their food while it is still hot so why don’t people sue when food is too cold?On the other hand, McDonald’s should make the warning on the cup larger and warn consumers as they order. 5. What are the similarities and differences between the coffee burn case and the pickle burn case? Does one represent a more serious threat to consumer harm? What should McDonald's, and other fast food restaurants, do about hot food, such as hamburgers, when consumers are injured? Both the coffee case and the pickle burn case have one big thing in common. Both cases are against McDonald’s.Both cases are based on the same complaint, too hot, but the burns resulted from different sources. As I stated above, fast food restaurants should make labels larger as well as give a verbal warning. Maybe they should make the entire wrapper or cup a warning. I cannot however agree to lower the temperature. I feel that if a customer wishes to have a cooler beverage, ask the server to pour a little cool water in it to cool it off. As far as food is concerned, consumers should have the common sense to wait. 6. What is your assessment of the â€Å"Stella Awards?†Is this making light of a serious problem? I think that the Stella awards are funny. They show us what people are willing to sue over and how outrageous the cases can be. The serious problem that I see is people are losing more and more common sense and businesses are paying for it. 7. What are the implications of these cases for future product-related lawsuits? Do we now live in a society where businesses are responsible for customers’ accidents or carelessness in using products? We live in a society that is growing older.Does this fact place a special responsibility on merchants who sell products to senior citizens? I feel that we are living in a world where businesses are responsible for consumer carelessness and accidents. Senior citizens should be warned over and over if a product is hot but should not place a special responsibility on merchants that sell to senior citizens. As far as implications, for the court systems to remain fair, damages should and need to be given to all but it does not have to be millions and millions of dollars.

Article Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Article Analysis - Assignment Example That is, verbal and video. The findings indicate a variability in the two groups subjected to the different tools. The changes are observed as more in the verbal category. A change in preference of 29% in the verbal group compared to 6% in the video category communicates a significant underlying factor in the use of the two treatments. Also worth noting, however insignificant, is the percentage of the persons who were uncertain in the two cases. 3% for verbal against 1% for video. A significant difference is evident. Given the nature of the trial, and since according to the researchers it was the first of its kind, it breeds an inquiry into the subject (p. 6). It is noted that a narrative description alone may not be very useful. Alternatively, most of the participants were positive about video description. Despite the highlighted limitation of the study, the findings of the study present the use of video decision support tool as superior to the narrative description(pp. 6-7). The study used a randomized valid sample (n=200). Out of which, the researchers subjected two groups to different treatments and the outcomes noted. Also, the study does not indicate any previous similar treatment or behavior among the participants. The participants are selected and exposed to the different treatments, and the effects of such treatments are observed. Moreover, the investigators express control over the treatments to their participants making them more of â€Å"experimental units†. The investigators assign the treatments, and they have control. All the noted features makes the study an experiment. The study used various types of statistical analyses including Standard deviation, Pearson Chi-square test, 2 sample t-test, K statistics, bivariate analysis, Fisher’s exact test and Multivariable logistic regression analyses at 0.05 level. This paper discusses the Pearson Chi-square test, bivariate analysis and regression analyses. (1)